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您的位置: 首頁 > 業士常見問題 > 双酚A酚甲烷对人体有什么危害? 罐头和瓶子的内涂层

双酚A酚甲烷对人体有什么危害? 罐头和瓶子的内涂层

返回列表 来源：東莞市業士金屬制品有限公司发布日期： 2021.09.25

双酚A（Bisphenol A，BPA）
双酚A又称为酚甲烷，是日本环境省公告的70余种环境荷尔蒙之一。双酚A从1930年代开始就广泛的运用在工业及民生用品中，主要用來制造聚碳酸酯（Polycarbonate，PC）塑料及环氧树脂（Epoxy resins）。PC材质被广泛使用在食品接触材料，如水壶、奶瓶、餐具、微波器皿和储存容器等，也用于非食品相关产品，如玩具、奶嘴、电脑机壳等。环氧树脂则使用于食物罐、饮料罐及储水桶的内部保护涂层中，也用在许多非食品相关产品上，如医療设备、牙科填充物、涂料、印刷油墨、感热纸、阻燃剂，和CD、DVD及部分电子产品零件的塑料等。欧盟于2002年订定双酚A的食品接触材料特定迁移限值（Specific migration limit，SML），并且于2011年规范禁止婴儿奶瓶含有双酚A，甚至部分成员国已经禁止儿童食品容器或全部食品容器含有双酚A。我国环保署于2009年将双酚A为第四類毒性化学物质，食品药物管理署于2013年规定婴幼儿奶瓶不得使用含双酚A之塑料材质，PC材质的塑料食品器具、容器、包装之溶出量标准为0.6 ppm以下。虽然世界各国的调查结果均发现在环境、食物和人体中都可检测出微量的双酚A，不过以我国食品药物管理署所完成的健康风险评估显示，国人经由食物途径的双酚A暴露剂量低于可接受的风险，不会引起人体健康上的问题。

Q︰我們的環境中會有雙酚A嗎？

A︰許多國家的調查報告指出，在環境中確實可發現雙酚A的存在。雙酚A主要用來制造聚碳酸酯（PC）塑料及環氧樹脂，廣泛的運用在工業及民生用品中。各種相關商品的制造、使用及廢棄過程中，都會將雙酚A排放到我們的生活環境，因此雙酚A可能廣泛散布在河水、海水、底泥、土壤、空氣和灰塵中。

Q︰雙酚A對人體健康有影響嗎？

A︰目前關于雙酚A對人體的的毒理特性及健康危害還需要更多的研究證據來支持。從文獻資料來看，雙酚A最主要的健康危害是對生殖系統及內分泌系統的影響。

Q︰雙酚A會致癌嗎？

A︰目前双酚A对人体的致突变性及致癌性还未有明确的研究证据，国际癌症研究署（International Agency for Research on Cancer，IARC）并未把双酚A归为致癌物质。

Q︰我如何暴露到雙酚A？

A︰雙酚A在其相關産品的制造、使用及廢棄過程都會被釋放到環境中，民衆可經由食物、灰塵，或使用非食品消費産品，如感熱紙、玩具、牙科填充物、電子産品等暴露到雙酚A。根據歐洲食品安全局的評估報告，飲食爲一般民衆的雙酚A主要來源，對于3歲以下的兒童，灰塵可能是第二大來源。

Q︰哪些食物的雙酚A含量較高？哪些食物的含量較低？

A︰依據食品藥物管理署對國內市售食品中雙酚A含量的調查結果，金屬罐頭食品含有較高的雙酚A，非罐頭食品的含量較低，尤其是蔬菜類食品。

Q︰我們食物中的雙酚A含量會不會超過安全標准？

A︰由于目前缺乏雙酚A對人體健康影響的研究證據，所以世界衛生組織或歐盟等國際組織及先進國家都還沒有訂出食品中雙酚A含量的安全標准。

Q︰我們會不會吃入過高的雙酚A？

A︰依據衛生福利部食品藥物管理署對國內市售食品中雙酚A的健康風險評估結果，我們經由食物來源所吃入的量，在各年齡層都低于歐盟建議的每日容許攝取量，表示目前我們經由飲食來源的暴露不會引起健康上的問題，民衆不需過度擔心。

Q︰我要怎麽預防或減少從食物中吃到雙酚A？

A︰（1）建議民衆購買食材時盡量選擇新鮮或冷凍食品，減少食用金屬罐頭食品。（2）食品容器具建議選擇玻璃、陶瓷或不鏽鋼制品，尤其是盛裝熱食或熱飲者。（3）將金屬罐頭食品加熱食用時，建議應先將食品取出，透過玻璃、陶瓷或安全的不鏽鋼等較耐熱的容器進行加熱。勿將金屬罐頭直接置于火上或隔水

加熱，以避免因高溫烹煮時雙酚A溶出汙染食品。

（4）國內已經禁止使用雙酚A來制造嬰幼兒的奶瓶，建議國人選擇合格標識之商品，避免購買來路不明商品。嬰幼兒的奶嘴、防溢杯、食用器具或容器、玩具等也建議應盡量選擇不含雙酚A的産品，避免PC材質的商品。

（5）室內灰塵也是造成嬰幼兒體內有雙酚A的重要來源，所以要勸阻小孩吃泥土或是把手放進嘴巴的行爲，並且養成吃東西前先洗手的良好習慣。

（6）建議民衆應均衡飲食，分散每次購買食物之來源，避免每日過度食用相同種類食物，尤其是全谷雜糧類及金屬罐頭食品，以分散體內累積雙酚A之風險。

Q︰我要怎麽知道體內的雙酚A濃度？

A︰國內有幾家設備妥善、技術先進的實驗室可以檢測血液、尿液和母乳中的雙酚A含量。不過，這些檢測結果只能讓您了解體內是否暴露到高劑量的雙酚A，無法確切地告訴您關于健康影響的程度。需不需要做體內的雙酚A濃度檢測，建議由專業醫師爲您作判斷。

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"Ward was succeeded by an American named Burgevine, who had been[Pg 343] one of his subordinates. Burgevine was quite as successful as Ward had been, and at one time with his army of 5000 trained Chinese he defeated 95,000 of the Tae-ping rebels. This made an end of the rebellion in that part of the country, but it was flourishing in other localities. Burgevine had some trouble with the authorities, which led to his retirement; and after that the Invincible army was commanded by an English officer named Gordon, who remained at the head of it till the downfall of the Tae-pings and the end of the rebellion. The success of this little army against the large force of the rebels shows the great advantages of discipline.[Pg 344] In all time and in all countries this advantage has been apparent, but in none more so than in China. If the power of Ward and his men had been with the rebels instead of against them, it is highly probable that the government would have been overthrown. A few hundred well-trained soldiers could have decided the fate of an empire." "Then why do you put that thing on?" However, there was not the urgency for instant flight that Charlotte had thought there was; night fell; a whole regiment of our mounted infantry came silently up from the rear of the plantation and bivouacked without lights behind a quarter of a mile of worm-fence; our two wounded and three unharmed prisoners, or Miss Harper's, I should say, for it was in response to her entreaties that the latter had thrown down their arms, were taken away; the dead man was borne out; lights glowed in every room, the servants returned to their tasks, a maddening fragrance came from the kitchen, and the three nieces flitted everywhere in their benign activities, never discovering the hurt on my shoulder until everything else on earth had been discovered, and then--"Oh, Richard, Richard!" from Estelle, with "Reach-hard, Reach-hard!" from Cécile, and "Mr. Smith!" from Camille, as they bathed and bound it. At length a surgeon arrived, gave a cheering opinion of Ferry and of Charlotte, and scolded Harry savagely for the really bad condition of his hand. Then sounds grew few and faint, our lights went out, we lay down fully dressed, and nearly all of us, for a while, slept. "Are you? There is a well in that courtyard. And if perchance anything valuable got into that well, I should say that a rope would be the best way of getting it out. Now do you understand." As a matter of fact, Balmayne's cab passed Lawrence a minute or two later. The latter smiled as if well pleased with himself. “I’ve got it!” Dick passed forward his paper. The night of their return to the post, Cairness, crossing the parade ground shortly before retreat, saw Felipa. He had been walking with his eyes on the earth, debating within himself the question of his future, whether he should re?nlist, succumb to the habit of the service, which is to ambition and endeavor what opium is to the system, or drop back into the yet more aimless life he had been leading five years before, when a fit of self-disgust had caused him to decide that he was good for nothing but a trooper, if even that. The next year, Richard and Anne Backfield took a house at Playden for week-ends. Anne wanted to be near her relations at the Manor, and Richard, softened by prosperity, had no objection to returning to the scene of his detested youth. But here his firmness again forsook him;—he had stepped from his home—from the quiet seclusion that was endeared to him by years of residence and holy recollections, into a strange world, to struggle and contend—to sin, and be sinned against; and he leaned against the abbey wall with such a feeling of desolation as a child may be supposed to feel, as he bends over the grave of his last surviving parent. A few bitter drops of wounded pride, and deep regret, forced their way down his cheeks, and it was not until he became conscious that a group of persons of different ages and sexes were silently and sympathizingly gazing upon him, that it occurred to him he ought to remove to a less conspicuous situation. HoME 另类观月雏乃 ENTER NUMBET 009www.ainibaby.org.cn
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